Direct and Indirect Speech | | Part 3 | | Pankaj Bhauryal | | The PM Tutorials

#DirectIndirectSpeech #Grammar #ImportantLesson Direct and Indirect Speech - Part 3. Conversion of Exclamatory and Imperative Sentences from Direct Speech to Indirect Speech. Exclamatory sentences express a sudden outburst of some emotions such as joy, sorrow, contempt, regret, surprise etc. Common explanatory phrases are given below: Hurrah! Ha! (Express joy) Alas! Oh! (Express sorrow, regret, or loss) Bravo! (Express Applause) What! Oh! How! (Express surprise) Pooh! Pshaw! (Express contempt) An exclamatory sentence has a sign of exclamation after it which changes into a full stop in the indirect speech. In indirect speech, the exclamatory phrase or word (interjection) is replaced by ‘exclaimed with joy, sorrow, regret, surprise, contempt etc.’ The connective that has to be supplied in the indirect speech. Examples are given below: Direct: The boy said, ‘Hurrah! We have won the match.’ Indirect: The boy exclaimed with joy that they had won the match. Direct: The old man said, ‘Alas! I have lost my purse.’ Indirect: The old man exclaimed with sorrow that he had lost his purse. Direct: The child said, ‘What a beautiful sight!’ Indirect: The child exclaimed with delight that it was a very beautiful sight. OR The child exclaimed with delight that the sight was very beautiful. Direct: The girl said, ‘How beautiful the girl is!’ Indirect: The girl exclaimed with delight that the rainbow was very beautiful. Direct: The candidate said, ‘How difficult the problem is!’ Indirect: The candidate exclaimed with disapproval that the problem was very difficult. Direct: The students said to the teacher, ‘Good morning, Teacher!’ Indirect:  The students respectfully wished their teacher good morning. Direct: ‘How glad I am,’ said Alice, ‘to meet my friend here.’ Indirect: Alice exclaimed with delight that she was very glad to meet her friend there. Direct: The Emperor said, ‘Alas! Our foes are too strong!’ Indirect: The Emperor exclaimed with sorrow that their foes were too strong. Direct: ‘Hurrah!’ cried the boy, ‘I have won a prize.’ Indirect: The boy exclaimed with delight he had done a prize. Imperative Sentences: They do not normally have an expressed subject. This is because the subject ‘you’ is usually understood. As a result of this, imperative sentences begin with a verb in the simple present tense. An imperative sentence expresses ideas such as advice, order, request, suggestion, instruction, permission, allowance etc. In order to change an imperative sentence into the indirect speech, we use a to-infinitive. A –that clause is also possible in some cases. Note that instead of ‘said’ we use one of the following reporting verbs: Advise, command, request, suggest, threaten, order, forbid, decree, propose, entreat, prompt, counsel, pardon, beg, persuade, instruct etc. Notes: After suggest, we use a –that clause and not an infinitive. The verb propose is not followed by an object. The verb forbid itself conveys a negative sense. Therefore, we do not use not in the following clause. Study the following examples carefully. Direct: The old woman said to the boy, ‘Please help me.’ Indirect: The old woman requested the boy to help her. Direct: I said to him, ‘Love and obey your parents.’ Indirect: I advised him to love and obey his parents. OR I advised that he should love and obey his parents. Direct: The teacher said to the students, ‘Work hard.’ Indirect: The teacher advised the boys to work hard. OR The teacher suggested that the boys should work hard. Direct: Jim said to me, ‘Please lend me your pen.’ Indirect: Jim requested me to lend him my pen. Direct: The doctor said to the patient, ‘Quit smoking.’ Indirect: The doctor advised the patient to quit smoking. OR The doctor suggested that the patient should quit smoking. Direct: The officer said to the clerk, ‘Do it immediately.’ Indirect: The officer ordered the clerk to do it immediately. Direct: The teacher said to the boy, ‘Come in, please.’ Indirect: The teacher allowed (or asked) the boy to come in. Direct: He said to me, ‘Post this letter at once.’ Indirect: He ordered me to post that letter at once. Direct: I said to the children, ‘Do not make a noise.’ Indirect: I forbade the children to make a noise. (NOT I forbade the children not to make a noise.) Direct: I said to her, ‘Don’t mention his name.’ Indirect: I forbade her to mention his name. Direct: I said to the child, ‘Do not look down into the well.’ Indirect: I warned the child not to look down into the well. For more such videos, do Like Share & Subscribe. Subscribe Youtube Channel: /c/thepmtutorials Like us on Facebook :https://www.facebook.com/thepmtutorials Visit our Website: http://thepmtutorials.com/ Follow us on Twitter: https://twitter.com/pm_tutorials Gmail:thepmtutorials@gmail.com Follow us on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/thepmtutorials/

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